Contemplative Landscape Features Archives

“A Talks” cycle ✨ Mental health – What does Architecture Have to do with it? ✨

Posted on 14 November 202414 November 2024 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

5th November, at 19:00.
National Art Gallery in Vilnius, Lithuania

Our CEO Dr. Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo gave a talk titled "Can landscapes be healing?"at the National Gallery of Art in Vilnius.

In this talk, Agnieszka explored the intersection between landscape architecture and neuroscience, which led to the creation of Contemplative Landscapes. She presented the science behind how natural environments impact brain function, offering insights into designing spaces that enhance aesthetic experiences, reconnect us with nature, foster contemplation, and ultimately improve our quality of life.

The full speech can be seen here :

Designing for Well-Being: How the Contemplative Landscape Model Transforms Urban Spaces

Posted on 23 October 202413 November 2024 by Annetta Benzar

The Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM) was developed in 2016 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo to guide the design of urban green spaces, especially in cities where space is limited. By combining neuroscience research with landscape design, CLM identifies the specific features in a natural setting that are most likely to enhance mental health, even through passive exposure. The model offers a framework for urban planners, landscape architects, and decision-makers to create spaces that are both aesthetically pleasing and beneficial for well-being.

CLM focuses on seven key components: Landscape Layers, Landform, Biodiversity, Colour and Light, Compatibility, Archetypal Elements, and Character of Peace and Silence. By considering these components, CLM provides a systematic way to evaluate and optimize green spaces for their mental health benefits.

Investing in contemplative landscapes can lead to significant economic benefits. For one, providing access to highly contemplative spaces can reduce mental health struggles in citizens, easing the burden on healthcare systems and improving quality of life. Nature-based solutions are already cost-effective in improving urban livability, and including contemplative landscapes alongside these efforts prolong the benefits beyond what green spaces alone promise to offer for mental health and well-being promotion.

Singapore and Sweden have both integrated CLM into their NbS health promotion projects with great success.

In Singapore, CLM played a key role in the creation of Therapeutic Gardens and other mental health-promoting urban spaces as part of the city’s “City in Nature” vision. These spaces are designed to foster respite and contemplation amidst the fast-paced environment of the city-state.

In Sweden, CLM has been incorporated into the country’s Nature-based Rehabilitation program. This initiative helps people suffering from stress-related exhaustion syndrome recover in high-quality rural environments, as part of Sweden’s public healthcare scheme.

When we evaluate a landscape using the CLM, the first step is mapping out the perimeter we’ll be assessing and selecting key viewpoints. These viewpoints are chosen carefully, based on where people are most likely to experience the space—whether they’re entering or exiting the space, walking along a path, sitting on a bench, or pausing to enjoy the scenery. At each viewpoint, we can also look at the landscape from up to four different directions (north, east, south, and west) to get a complete understanding of that viewpoints’ features.

Once we have picked our viewpoints, it is time to begin scoring. At each viewpoint, we take time to observe the space and break it down according to the seven core components of CLM: Landscape Layers, Landform, Biodiversity, Color and Light, Compatibility, Archetypal Elements, and the Character of Peace and Silence. We consider how each of these components contributes to the overall experience of the space and how they might change under different weather conditions or times of day.

For instance, we know that sunny weather can bring out vibrant colors and create dynamic shadows, while seasonal shifts might affect the appearance of trees and plants. In cases where the weather isn’t ideal, like the rainy day we encountered in Canterbury, we rely on our experience to imagine how the landscape would look under more favourable conditions.

Once we’ve gathered our observations, we score each component and calculate an average to determine the overall CLM score. A score above 4.33 means the landscape has a strong contemplative quality and high potential to promote mental health and well-being.

The Contemplative Landscape Model offers an evidence-based practical way to design and evaluate green spaces that support mental health. By evaluating elements like landforms, biodiversity, character of peace and silence, and compatibility, cities and can create environments that foster well-being and resilience. As seen in Singapore and Sweden, integrating CLM into Nature-based Solutions projects, can improve public health and enhance communal quality of life.

As more public authorities recognise the importance of contemplative landscapes, we can look forward to cities that are not only greener but also healthier for everyone.

How Urban Design Can Impact Mental Health & Well-being

Posted on 9 September 20249 September 2024 by Annetta Benzar

Our cities are often designed with function in mind. We build parks for exercise, wider sidewalks for pedestrians, and bike lanes for commuters. While we have made progress towards building healthier bodies, we have overlooked the equally important mental well-being.

Urban design has a powerful influence on the quality of its citizens’ life, especially mental health. It shapes the spaces where we live, work, and interact with others. From the soothing presence of green spaces to the efficiency of street layouts, the built environment affects our daily mood and overall well-being. Well-designed urban areas can foster a sense of community and belonging, providing places for people to connect, be active, and recharge. However, poorly planned environments can contribute to feelings of stress, anxiety, and isolation. By understanding the relationship between urban design and mental health, we can create cities that not only meet our physical health needs but also nourish our mental health.

Disconnection from Nature

Urban environments often disconnect residents from nature, which is deeply rooted in our evolutionary history. Humans have evolved in natural environments, and the lack of green spaces and natural ecosystems in cities can lead to residents developing what is referred to as “nature deficit disorder.”[i] Urban residents lack access to nature’s psychological benefits, such as reduced stress, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function [ii], [iii]. Research on anxiety disorders (such as post-traumatic stress disorder, distress, anger, and paranoia) and the risk for developing schizophrenia showed higher rates in urban versus rural areas [iv]. In fact, epidemiological studies concluded that the more time spent in an urban environment as a child, the higher the risk for developing schizophrenia as an adult [v].

Air Pollution

Air pollution not only contributes to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases but also affects mental health [vii]. Long-term exposure to polluted air has been linked to cognitive function decline and an increase risk of developing mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and even dementia.[viii] The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that air pollution is responsible for approximately 7 million premature deaths per year, and a considerable percentage of these are in connection to mental health effects [ix].

Traffic

Heavy traffic and long commutes in bigger cities lead to mental exhaustion, stress and decreased life satisfaction [x]. The daily grind of tackling the morning and post-work rush hour adds to mental strain, leading to irritability and anxiety. A study from the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that longer commutes are associated with higher levels of stress and lower levels of life satisfaction [xi]. Not to mention that traffic also increases exposure to noise and air pollution, adding to the detrimental effects on mental health [xii]. Living close to traffic can also disturb sleep patterns and cause further irritability and potentially aggression, which then fuels mood and anxiety disorders [xiii].

Overcrowding

High population density, often associated with large-scale, closely packed buildings, can lead to feelings of claustrophobia, stress, and social isolation. Overcrowding reduces personal space and increases competition for resources. This can lead to social tensions and a higher chance of (violent) conflict [xiv]. Furthermore, urban environments with high population densities can overload residents with stimuli, leading to sensory overload, higher stress levels and an impaired cognitive function [xv]. These factors can harm mental well-being, especially since humans are not evolutionary adapted to such densely populated living environments [xvi].

Overload of Stimuli and Information

Modern cities are packed with static and dynamic elements, which are abstract in design, all connected by a complex web of infrastructure. The variety of forms, colours, and textures, in a dense environment, can overwhelm the brain. Tasks that are simple in theory such as navigating the city become mentally exhausting as the brain struggles to process the overload of information being thrown its way. Over time, the constant over-stimulation can lead to mental fatigue, which in turn may increase the risk of developing mood and anxiety disorders [xvii].

Abstract Forms

Cities are made up of forms based on Euclidean geometry, including straight lines, circles, triangles etc. But these forms are rarely found in nature. Rather, nature is filled with amorphic and asymmetrical forms. Research has shown that high exposure to abstract forms, like those in plentiful supply in modern cities, can feed feeling of unease and detachment, leading to increased stress and reduced mental well-being. On the other hand, exposure to natural elements does not have the same effect and can even reverse the strain caused by the urban structures [xviii].

How Urban Spaces Can Boost Our Mental Health

Well-designed urban spaces can have a transformative impact on our mental, physical, and social well-being. Research suggests that environmental factors in our surroundings can either exacerbate or protect us from the development of diseases, depending on our genetic makeup. The good news is that by creating optimal urban environments, we can not only enhance overall well-being but also potentially reduce the impact of genetic predisposition to certain health conditions. Our efforts should not stop at the doors of prevention (of mental health deterioration), but we should be striding towards taking action to improve mental health. So, what aspects should we consider when designing our urban environments?

Green Spaces and Nature

Providing free access to parks and other green areas is essential for not only improving but also maintaining mental health. Spending time in nature helps reduce stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms while boosting mood and concentration. Green spaces also promote physical activity, relaxation, and social interaction [xx]. Incorporating more green spaces such as community gardens curated with contemplative elements into city planning, we can counterbalance the negative effects of urban environments [xxi].

Implications for Urban Design and Directions

To take full advantage of smart urban design, we must prioritize the health of residents. Planners and policymakers have a key role in promoting mental well-being through thoughtful design. Therefore, consider the following recommendations:

Integrate Nature-Based Solutions (NbS): Incorporating green spaces, urban forests, and community gardens into city planning can enhance mental health and help prevent (and treat) mental health conditions. Nature-based solutions reduce environmental stressors, encourages social interaction, and creates mentally supportive urban spaces.
Implement Contemplative Landscapes: Design features that promote mindfulness and relaxation, such as depths in views, biodiversity in plant and animal species, harmonious, warm colours, shade and seating areas, water elements, can significantly reduce stress and improve mental health [xxv].
Promote Social Interaction: Design public spaces that encourage social interaction and community engagement, such as "walkable neighbourhoods," community hubs, and recreational areas.
Ensure Accessibility and Inclusivity: Urban spaces should be accessible to all, including people with disabilities, the elderly, and children. Inclusive design fosters a sense of community and ensures that all residents can benefit from public spaces. Inclusiveness should also be reflected in the design process, with active participation from users during development.
Use Technology and Data-Driven Approaches in Design: Incorporate advanced tools like mobile Electroencephalography (mEEG) and machine learning to assess and predict the impact of urban design on mental health. This will confirm the changes that are to be implemented are indeed creating calming spaces that boost mental health and quality of life.

By prioritizing mental health in urban design, cities can become healthier, more resilient, and inclusive. When green spaces, accessible facilities, and safe, active areas are integrated from the start of the urban planning process—rather than as an afterthought—urban planner can create environments that ultimately improve the quality of life for all residents.

Authors: Annetta Benzar, Lara Renhe, Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

References

[i] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., & Tahsin, N. (2021). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health (pp. 279-296). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14

[ii] Olszewska-Guizzo, A. (2018). Contemplative Landscapes: Toward Healthier Built Environments. Environment and Social Psychology. 3. 10.18063/esp.v3.i2.742.

[iii] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., Tahsin, N. (2022). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In: Leal Filho, W., Vidal, D.G., Dinis, M.A.P., Dias, R.C. (eds) Sustainable Policies and Practices in Energy, Environment and Health Research. World Sustainability Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14.

[iv] Gruebner, O., Rapp, M. A., Adli, M., Kluge, U., Galea, S., & Heinz, A. (2017). Cities and Mental Health. Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 114(8), 121–127. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2017.0121

[v] Vassos, E., Pedersen, C. B., Murray, R. M., Collier, D. A., & Lewis, C. M. (2012). Meta-analysis of the association of urbanicity with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia bulletin, 38(6), 1118–1123. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbs096

[vi] Hahad, O., Kuntic, M., Al-Kindi, S. et al. (2024). Noise and mental health: evidence, mechanisms, and consequences. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00642-5

[vii] Bhui, K., Newbury, J. B., Latham, R. M., Ucci, M., Nasir, Z. A., Turner, B., … Coulon, F. (2023). Air quality and mental health: evidence, challenges and future directions. BJPsych Open, 9(4), e120. doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.507.

[viii] Power, M. C., Kioumourtzoglou, M. A., Hart, J. E., Okereke, O. I., Laden, F., & Weisskopf, M. G. (2015). The relation between past exposure to fine particulate air pollution and prevalent anxiety: observational cohort study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 350, h1111. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h1111

[ix] World Health Organization (WHO). (n.d.). Air quality, energy and health. https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-energy-and-health

[x] Shitova, Y. Y. (2024). The impact of long-distance travel to work on the health of commuting labour migrants: A literature review. Population and Economics, 8(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.8.e109997

[xi] Hoehner, C. M., et al. (2012). Commuting distance, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic risk. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 42(6), 571-578. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.02.020

[xii] Scrivano, L., Tessari, A., Marcora, S., Manners, D. (2023). Active mobility and mental health: A scoping review towards a healthier world. Cambridge Prisms: Global Mental Health. 11. 1-44. 10.1017/gmh.2023.74.

[xiii] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., Tahsin, N. (2022). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In: Leal Filho, W., Vidal, D.G., Dinis, M.A.P., Dias, R.C. (eds) Sustainable Policies and Practices in Energy, Environment and Health Research. World Sustainability Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14.

[xiv] Evans, G. W., & Wener, R. E. (2007). Crowding and personal space invasion on the train: Please don't make me sit in the middle. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(1), 90-94. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.10.002

[xv] Glover, V., et al. (2018). The role of overcrowding in the urban mental health crisis. Journal of Urban Health, 95(4), 487-499. doi:10.1007/s11524-018-0288-0

[xvi] Zhang, Z., Měchurová, K., Resch, B., Amegbor, P. M., Sabel, C. (2023). Assessing the association between overcrowding and human physiological stress response in different urban contexts: a case study in Salzburg, Austria. International Journal of Health Geographics. 22. 10.1186/s12942-023-00334-7.

[xvii] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., Tahsin, N. (2022). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In: Leal Filho, W., Vidal, D.G., Dinis, M.A.P., Dias, R.C. (eds) Sustainable Policies and Practices in Energy, Environment and Health Research. World Sustainability Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14.

[xviii] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., Tahsin, N. (2022). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In: Leal Filho, W., Vidal, D.G., Dinis, M.A.P., Dias, R.C. (eds) Sustainable Policies and Practices in Energy, Environment and Health Research. World Sustainability Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14.

[xix] Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Benjumea, D., Tahsin, N. (2022). Sustainable Solutions in Urban Health: Transdisciplinary Directions in Urban Planning for Global Public Health. In: Leal Filho, W., Vidal, D.G., Dinis, M.A.P., Dias, R.C. (eds) Sustainable Policies and Practices in Energy, Environment and Health Research. World Sustainability Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86304-3_14.

[xx] Kumar, P., Brander, L., Kumar, M., & Cuijpers, P. (2023). Planetary Health and Mental Health Nexus: Benefit of Environmental Management. Annals of global health, 89(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4079.

[xxi] Kabisch, N. Basu, S., Van den Bosch, M., Bratman, G., Masztalerz, O. (2023). Nature-based solutions and mental health. 10.4337/9781800376762.00019.

[xxii] Coombs, N. C., Meriwether, W. E., Caringi, J., & Newcomer, S. R. (2021). Barriers to healthcare access among U.S. adults with mental health challenges: A population-based study. SSM - population health, 15, 100847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100847

[xxiii] Alexander Haslam, S., et al. (2023). Connecting to Community: A Social Identity Approach to Neighborhood Mental Health. Personality and Social Psychology Review. doi.org/10.1177/10888683231216136.

[xxiv] Alexander Haslam, S., et al. (2023). Connecting to Community: A Social Identity Approach to Neighborhood Mental Health. Personality and Social Psychology Review. doi.org/10.1177/10888683231216136.

[xxv] Olszewska-Guizzo, A. (2023). Neuroscience for designing green spaces: Contemplative landscapes. Routledge.

Building Back Differently: The Role of CLM in Public Health Promotion through Nature-based Solutions

Posted on 19 August 202420 August 2024 by Annetta Benzar

“The future of humanity is undoubtedly urban,” warns the UN-Habitat in their World Cities Report (2022), urging public health policies to address the growing health risks associated with urban expansion. Urban environments — characterized by traffic, pollution, noise, and overcrowding — not only create fertile ground for physical health issues but also place a significant burden on the mental health of their citizens (Olszewska-Guizzo et al., 2023). Neuropsychiatric diseases now account for 19.5% of all disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), while depression is responsible for 6.2% of DALYs (World Health Organization, n.d.). These mental health challenges deteriorate citizens’ quality of life and generate serious economic losses for the state.

Governments are increasingly recognizing the urgent need for interdisciplinary, evidence-based solutions to address this mental health crisis (Gruebner et al., 2017). A growing body of research highlights the restorative effects that contact with nature has on human health (Olszewska-Guizzo, Sia, & Escoffier, 2023). These effects include reducing stress and fatigue, triggering positive emotions, and improving cognitive functions such as concentration, memory, and creative performance (WHO, 2021).

Nature-based Solutions (NBS) are emerging as effective and cost-efficient strategies for addressing the growing mental health challenges in urban environments. The IUCN defines NBSs as actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural or human-modified ecosystems, offering benefits for both environmental preservation and human well-being. Adopting NBSs to confront human health challenges arising from unhealthy environments aligns with the One Health approach (WHO) — which recognizes the interdependence of animal, ecosystem, and human health — and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Developmen t. NBSs have been well-documented to support people’s emotional, mental, and physical health by adopting a holistic approach to prevention, promotion, rehabilitation, and therapy.

Often there is limited space available in cities for green areas, so it is important to optimize the design and use of the available green spaces (Olszewska-Guizzo, Sia, Fogel, et al., 2022). Urban planners, landscape architects, and conservation experts need to understand which types and characteristics of urban green spaces (UGS) most effectively benefit citizens’ mental health. This challenge inspired the development of the Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM) in 2016. The CLM measures how different landscape scenes can positively influence mental health through passive exposure. It focuses on landscape components that, when combined, trigger low-frequency brain activity associated with decreased cognitive strain, increased relaxation, and positive affect, as well as positive effects on mood and anxiety disorders(Olszewska-Guizzo, Sia, Escoffier, 2023).

The CLM evaluates landscape scenes based on seven key-components, each of which is rated using a 1–6-point scale. The final CLM score, the average of the seven key-components, provides a comprehensive assessment of a landscape's potential to offer beneficial mental health outcomes. The CLM is increasingly being used by practitioners to bridge the gap between landscape design and evidence-based impacts on mental health. It is also helping policy-makers make informed decisions on how to effectively curate UGSs to improve the mental health of their communities.

Figure 3: Seven key-components of Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM).

The main advantages of using the CLM include:

Accessibility and Ease of Use: The tool can be easily learned following formal training and applied by urban design practitioners, landscape architects, and those with a keen eye for landscapes.
Accuracy: The final CLM score is an average from the seven key landscape components in a single view or at multiple sites across the area, which helps to eliminate human error.
Cost-effectiveness: The CLM requires minimal equipment. Evaluations can be conducted in a single site visit using tablets or just pen and paper.
Efficiency: CLM also works with digital representations of landscapes (photos or videos) to save time, making it ideal for practitioners needing to assess multiple sites.
Versatility: The CLM can be applied to a wide range of sites, including urban, suburban and rural spaces, making it a useful tool for diverse environments, and scales.
Dual-purpose: The CLM can be used as an evaluation/ audit tool for green spaces, but also as a set of design guidelines to develop new creative mentally-healthy environments.

The CLM has received increasing attention among professionals and researchers worldwide and is slowly finding its place in nature-based health promotion policies. The first country to adopt the CLM in its urban greening initiatives was Singapore. The National Parks Board (NParks) recognized the value of the evidence-based approach early, as part of their City in Nature initiative, which aims to ensure that the available green spaces are designed optimally to maximize the well-being of citizens across a diverse demographic, from the elderly and hospital patients to children with special needs.

The research conducted in Singapore, in collaboration with NParks and the National University of Singapore, found that therapeutic gardens with contemplative features contribute positively to a person's mental health and overall well-being. They also concluded that there were positive neuro-psychophysiological benefits from passive exposure to a therapeutic garden for the mental health of individuals with clinically concerning depressive disorders (Olszewska-Guizzo et al., 2022; Olszewska-Guizzo, Sia, Fogel, Escoffier, & Dan, 2022).

Figure 5: Neuroscience research studies conducted in Singapore between 2018 and 2021

Singapore established the network of 13 therapeutic gardens scattered across the city-state, with plans for an additional 7 to be completed by 2030. Each garden is designed according to the contemplative landscape guidelines to encourage visitors to enjoy everyday contact with the salutogenic nature of the premises.

NParks’ efforts go beyond transforming parks and are slowly moving into the wider urban environment. There is a growing number of public officers and professionals trained in use of CLM for landscape assessment and design (an example of a recent workshop). Their continued research into Nature-based Solutions integrating CLM aligns with Singapore’s healthcare transformation plan, Healthier SG, to promote preventive health strategies for the whole population. Singapore’s efforts are setting a powerful and inspiring example of how states can benefit from embracing Nature-based Solutions to create healthier communities while prioritizing evidence-based design of their available green spaces.

Sweden is the second country to incorporate the Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM) into its national health policy as part of its Nature-based Rehabilitation (NBR) program. Alos known as the Skåne-model, or Naturunderstödd Rehabilitering (NUR), it launched in 2013, and is the first of its kind in the Nordic region. NUR is currently active in the southern region of Skåne County, with plans to expand throughout the rest of the country.

The program is founded on extensive research from the Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden, run by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) (Grahn & Pálsdóttir, 2021). It emphasizes the role of nature in aiding patients to recover from stress-related mental illnesses, specifically exhaustion syndrome, mild to moderate depression, and anxiety (Grahn, Pálsdóttir, Ottosson, & Jonsdottir, 2017). The program takes eight weeks and is run at selected rural properties across Skåne Region (Wissler & Pálsdóttir, 2024).

Figure 6. One of the NBR providers' rural property.

The NBR program supports the rural development goals by employing trained coordinators to deliver the nature-based interventions and services of the program on their premises. These interventions are designed with the following core objectives in mind:

1) Rehabilitation Focus: Aims to support the standard of care to improve physical, mental, and social health through nature-supported activities.

2) Nature-Infused “Awake Rest:” Focuses on relaxation and recovery in a peaceful, undemanding natural environment that promotes mental rejuvenation.

3) Integration of Meaningful Activities: Encourages daily tasks in natural settings, offering participants purposeful engagements that align with the day-to-day operations of the NBR provider.

NBR requires from providers to maintain the quality standards set by the program. These include both the day activities to be offered to the patients and the quality and design of the property's natural environment. The CLM has been introduced to the program as a tool of evaluation for the property's landscape and to provide a systematic approach to develop quality standards comparable between the properties.

In the summer of 2024, six of the eight current NBR providers’ properties in the Skåne region were evaluated by independent experts using the Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM). This was the first time the CLM was conducted on rural properties. Previously, the CLM was used almost exclusively on urban environments. For this evaluation, an average of 12 to 23 landscape views per rural property was scored based on site maps, and the average score was computed for each location. This evaluation was carried out in preparation for the fourth procurement phase of the NUR program. The satisfactory performance of the CLM in this new context demonstrates its versatility and reliability, further supporting Sweden's ongoing commitment to integrating Nature-Based Solutions into public health policy. Sweden is the first country in Europe to adopt the Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM) as part of its national health policy. The adoption reflects their commitment to innovative approaches, including evidence-based initiatives such as the Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden and therapeutic gardens for dementia patients(Pálsdóttir, Wissler, & Thorpert, 2024; Pálsdóttir, O'Brien, Poulsen, & Dolling, 2021), and highlights the country's leadership in promoting preventive health strategies through nature. Sweden's efforts are setting a model example for other European nations to follow in creating healthier, more resilient communities.

The path to sustainable (positive) urban futures requires “collaborative, well-coordinated and effective multilateral interventions” by cities and sub-national governments. The health and well-being of citizens are classified as a top priority by the WHO to build resilient cities. Cities must understand that it is no longer enough to “[build] back better” to meet the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development the New Urban Agenda. It is time to “[build] back differently.”

Improving citizens’ access to mental health programs and developing holistic strategies to address mental illness remains a key concern worldwide. Without transformative action, mental health problems will “contribute to human suffering, premature mortality, and social breakdown, and will slow down economic recovery.” Improving the mental health of communities is essential not only for enhancing the quality of life of individuals but also for the continued economic and social development of states.

Recognizing the health-promoting value of landscapes, by integration of the Contemplative Landscape Model (CLM) by countries like Singapore and Sweden highlights its potential as a vital tool in integrating Nature-Based Solutions into national public health policies. It is, therefore, crucial to continue educating governments and decision-makers across the globe on the impact of evidence-based landscape design on public health. Through continued collaboration, research, and innovation, the CLM can become a foundational tool for preventive health strategies, helping to promote healthier, happier, and more resilient communities across the globe.

Reference List

Grahn, P., & Pálsdóttir, A.-M. (2021). Does more time in a therapeutic garden lead to a faster return to work? A prospective cohort study of nature-based therapy, exploring the relationship between dose and response in the rehabilitation of long-term patients suffering from stress-related mental illness. International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 9, 1000614. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9096.1000614

Grahn, P., Pálsdóttir, A.-M., Ottosson, J., & Jonsdottir, I. (2017). Longer nature-based rehabilitation may contribute to a faster return to work in patients with reactions to severe stress and/or depression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(11), 1310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111310

International Union for Conservation of Nature. (n.d.). Nature-based solutions. https://iucn.org/our-work/nature-based-solutions

National Parks Board. (n.d.). City in nature. https://www.nparks.gov.sg/about-us/city-in-nature

Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Fogel, A., Escoffier, N., Sia, A., Nakazawa, K., Kumagai, A., Dan, I., & Ho, R. (2022). Therapeutic garden with contemplative features induces desirable changes in mood and brain activity in depressed adults. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.757056

Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Russo, A., Roberts, A. C., Kühn, S., Marques, B., Tawil, N., & Ho, R. C. (2023). Editorial: Cities and mental health. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1263305. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1263305

Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Sia, A., Fogel, A., Escoffier, N., & Dan, I. (2022). Features of urban green spaces associated with positive emotions, mindfulness, and relaxation. Scientific Reports, 12, 20695. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24637-0

Olszewska-Guizzo, A., Sia, A., & Escoffier, N. (2023). Revised contemplative landscape model (CLM): A reliable and valid evaluation tool for mental health-promoting urban green spaces. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 86, 128016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2023.128016

Pálsdóttir, A.-M., O'Brien, L., Poulsen, D., & Dolling, A. (2021). Exploring migrants’ sense of belonging through participation in an urban agricultural vocational training program in Sweden. Journal of Therapeutic Horticulture, 31(1), 11.

Pálsdóttir, A. M., Wissler, S. K., & Thorpert, P. (2024). An innovative approach in research and development of clinical nature-based rehabilitation in health care and vocational training: The living laboratory, Alnarp rehabilitation garden. Landscape Architecture, 31(5), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.fjyl.202404020196

Region Skåne. (n.d.). Naturunderstödd rehabilitering. https://vardgivare.skane.se/vardriktlinjer/forsakringsmedicin/naturunderstodd-rehabilitering/

UN-Habitat. (2022). World cities report 2022: Envisaging the future of cities. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2022/06/wcr_2022.pdf

United Nations. (n.d.). The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda

Wissler, S. K., & Pálsdóttir, A. M. (2024). A quality assurance framework for outdoor environments, facilities, and program standards in nature-based rehabilitation. Landscape Architecture, 31(5), 91-102. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.fjyl.202312140567

World Health Organization. (2021). Mental health promotion and mental disorders prevention: Framework for a comprehensive mental health strategy in Europe. WHO Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/9789289055666

World Health Organization. (n.d.). Global health estimates: Leading causes of DALYs. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/global-health-estimates-leading-causes-of-dalys

World Health Organization. (n.d.). One Health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/one-health#tab=tab_1

CLM workshop in Singapore

Posted on 13 March 202413 March 2024 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

19-20 February 2024, in Singapore took place first hand-on workshop on the practical application of the Contemplative Landscape Model, led by Dr Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo and organized by National Parks Board.

“From Theory to Practice with Contemplative Landscape Model” workshop included lectures, interactive landscape walks, expert evaluation exercises as well as the hands-on CLM design exercise.

CLM expert evaluation, with the participants of the workshop — Workshop participants rating landscape setting.

Participants of the workshop were landscape architects, architects and professionals involved with green space planning in Singapore. They represented the National Parks Board (NParks), Housing & Development Board (HDB), JTC Corporation and Changi Airport Group. They all expressed genuine interest in learning more about how to apply the CLM in their work.

	DAY 1
9:00	Introducing Contemplative Landscape Model: · Scientific background and objectives · Main findings from neuroscience research 7 key-components of CLM: 1. Landscape Layers + Quiz
10:30	Coffee break
10:40	2. Landform + Quiz 3. Biodiversity + Quiz 4. Color & Light + Quiz 5. Compatibility + Quiz 6. Character of Peace and Silence + Quiz
12:00	Lunch break
13:00	Continuation 7 key-components of CLM: 7. Archetypal Elements + Quiz
14:00	Salutogenic values of the parks and gardens & mechanisms of health delivery: ·Physical Activity for Health · Social Benefits of Green Spaces · Connection with nature, active and passive · How to unlock the highest potential?
14:50	Coffee Break
15:00	Attention Restoration Theory (ART), Stress reduction Theory and Biophilia Hypothesis
	·Identifying landscape features for health delivery in space (landscape walk)
16:00	Deepening your visual perception (landscape walk) ·Landscapes from phenomenological and user-centric perspectives ·Expert vs. layman eye conundrum ·Visual quality analysis and effective scenic resource management ·Spatial considerations and exposure for optimal visual engagement

	DAY 2
9:00	Precision and objectivity in CLM landscape scoring · Digital representation (photo, videos) group scoring exercise with case studies) · Navigating spatial variety: CLM applicability to different green, blue and gray-space typologies
10:30	Coffee break
10:40	CLM scoring considerations (interpretation & examples)
	CLM scoring and design in real-life scenes (interactive landscape walk)
12:00	Lunch break
13:00	Collaborative Creation of CLM-Inspired Spaces Design a CLM space – 3 sites Presentation of design solutions (15 min/team)
15:30	Coffee break
15:40 16:30	Cross-evaluation with CLM by another team Summary of work Final quiz

One of NeuroLandscape’s missions is to actively inform more professionals on how to utilise the CLM tool to assess and design mentally healthy green spaces.

A great resource to use for those who cannot attend the next workshop is a book “Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes” available here.

“Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes” – A Revolutionary Book

Posted on 1 June 20231 June 2023 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

Experience the power of "Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes" - a revolutionary book by Dr. Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo. This comprehensive guide was released on May 30, 2023. It revolutionizes landscape design through an innovative approach rooted in neuroscience.

Unveiling Contemplative Landscape Design

Delve into the concept of Contemplative Landscape Design, meticulously crafted over a decade of research. Driven by neuroscience principles, this book serves as a go-to resource for landscape architects and architects seeking to effortlessly integrate mental health and well-being into their practice.

This is the first time where I put together the knowldege acumulated thoughout the years. This book contains all the nuances about design for mental health and well-being. So that landscape architects and architects can easily access and use for their practice. Before I published only peer-reviewed articles focused mostly on the mental health implications and the performed neuroscience experinents. But I am a landscape architect first, so I come back to my original field with and I hope it will be a useful tool for anyone interested in designing or benefitting from contact with natural landscapes! - says the author.

Accessing the Book

Discover "Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes" available in paperback, hardcover, and e-book formats. You can easily purchase your copy through the Taylor & Francis website or Amazon, ensuring convenient access to this groundbreaking publication.

ABSTRACT

Urban parks and gardens are where people go to reconnect with nature and destress. But do they all provide the same benefits or are some better than others? What specific attributes set some green spaces apart? Can we objectively measure their impact on mental health and well-being? If so, how do we use this evidence to guide the design of mentally healthy cities?

The Contemplative Landscape Model unveils the path to answer these questions. Rooted in landscape architecture and neuroscience, this innovative concept is described for the first time in an extended format, offering a deep dive into contemplative design and the science behind it. In the face of the global mental health crisis, and increasing disconnection from nature, design strategies for creating healthier urban environments are what our cities so sorely need.

This book delves into the neuroscience behind contemplative landscapes, their key spatial characteristics, and practical applications of the Contemplative Landscape Model through case studies from around the world. Landscape architects, urban planners, students, land managers, and anyone interested in unlocking the healing power of landscapes will find inspiration here.

"Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes" - a revolutionary book

What A.I. says about Contemplative Landscape Model?

Posted on 11 April 202311 April 2023 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

It is fascinating how artificial intelligence can provide us with a third-person's view of our field of expertise. It is like having another expert summarising our work from an objective standpoint, making it more approachable for anybody. We recently asked ChatGPT about the Contemplative Landscape Model and its usability for professionals and how its benefits can be leveraged. Here is the Q&A with the A.I.!

What can the Contemplative Landscape Model do?

The Contemplative Landscape Model, developed by Dr. Olszewska-Guizzo, is a research-based framework that aims to identify the landscape scenes that have the highest potential to induce positive mental health outcomes from passive exposure to them. The model does not focus on identifying mental health benefits from nature exposure per se, but instead, it identifies design elements that can enhance the quality of the outdoor environment and promote human well-being.

The model's primary focus is on identifying specific design elements in the landscape that can create contemplative experiences and promote positive mental health outcomes. These elements include features such as water, vegetation, and other natural elements that can elicit a sense of calm and tranquility in the viewer. The model proposes that by incorporating these elements into the design of public spaces, designers can create environments that promote positive mental health outcomes and enhance the quality of life of users.

The Contemplative Landscape Model has practical applications in a variety of settings, from healthcare and educational facilities to urban parks and residential neighborhoods. By using the model to guide their design choices, landscape architects and urban designers can create environments that are not only visually appealing but also promote positive mental health outcomes.

Overall, the Contemplative Landscape Model offers a valuable tool for landscape architects and urban designers to create outdoor environments that promote human well-being and foster contemplative experiences.

What are the seven key elements of the Contemplative Landscape Model?

The seven key elements of the Contemplative Landscape Model are as follows:

Layers of the Landscape: This refers to the different layers of the landscape, from the ground level to the sky, and how they interact to create a sense of depth and connection to the environment.
Landform: The contours and shape of the land are used to create a sense of enclosure and openness, as well as to guide the flow of movement and energy.
Biodiversity: Incorporating a diverse range of plant and animal life can help to create a sense of connection to nature and promote ecological health.
Color and Light: The use of color and light can help to create a specific mood or atmosphere within the space, such as calmness or energy.
Compatibility: The design should be compatible with the surrounding context, including the architectural style and cultural context.
Archetypal Elements: The archetypal elements in the Contemplative Landscape Model are typically considered to be water, earth, air, and vegetation (e.g. forest, meadow, etc.). These elements are often used to create a connection to the natural world and evoke a sense of archetypal meaning and symbolism within the space.
Character of Peace and Silence: The overall design should promote a sense of peace and silence, allowing visitors to relax and reflect.

What is the most important contemplative landscape element?

It is difficult to say that any one element of the Contemplative Landscape Model is the most important, as they all work together to create a space that promotes relaxation, reduces stress, and promotes positive mental health outcomes. However, some researchers have suggested that the use of natural elements such as water and vegetation may be particularly important in creating a restorative environment.

Research has shown that exposure to natural environments with these elements can help to reduce stress, improve cognitive function, and promote positive mood states. Additionally, the use of natural elements can create a sense of connection to the natural world, which can also promote well-being.

That being said, each of the seven elements in the Contemplative Landscape Model - Layers of the Landscape, Landform, Biodiversity, Color and light, Compatibility, Archetypal Elements and Character of Peace and Silence - plays an important role in creating a space that is restorative and promotes positive mental health outcomes.

...but the desert does not have any vegetation and is contemplative...

You are correct that a desert landscape may not have traditional forms of vegetation, but it can still be contemplative and have elements that promote positive mental health outcomes.

For example, a desert landscape may have unique landforms and patterns in the sand that can create a sense of awe and wonder. The play of light and shadow in the desert can also be captivating and calming, especially during sunrise or sunset. The stillness and quiet of a desert environment can also create a sense of peace and serenity.

The Contemplative Landscape Model recognizes that each landscape is unique and that different elements may be important in different contexts. While natural elements such as vegetation are often important in creating restorative environments, other elements such as landforms, light, and silence can also play an important role.

...moreover, the desert is a powerful archetype. The experience of being alone in the desert's harsh landscape is considered an existential experience.

You are correct that the desert can be a powerful archetype and evoke a variety of existential experiences.

The archetype of the desert can represent both harshness and isolation, as well as the potential for renewal and transformation. The vast and barren landscape can evoke feelings of solitude, self-reflection, and introspection, while also representing the potential for spiritual growth and renewal.

As such, the contemplative experience of being alone in the desert's harsh landscape can be considered an existential experience. The vastness of the landscape can make one feel small and insignificant but also connected to something greater than oneself. This sense of awe and wonder can promote a sense of mindfulness and presence, which can in turn promote positive mental health outcomes.

Where in the world Contemplative Landscape Model can be the most useful?

The Contemplative Landscape Model can be useful in many different parts of the world where there is a need to create outdoor environments that promote human well-being and foster contemplative experiences.

In particular, the model can be most useful in urban areas where people may have limited access to natural environments. Studies have shown that exposure to nature can have a positive impact on mental health and well-being, but many urban environments lack access to green spaces or natural scenery. By incorporating elements of the natural environment into urban design, such as green roofs, public parks, or street trees, the Contemplative Landscape Model can help to enhance the quality of the built environment and promote positive mental health outcomes.

The model may also be particularly useful in areas with high levels of stress or trauma, such as healthcare facilities or areas affected by natural disasters. By creating outdoor spaces that are designed to promote contemplative experiences and enhance the sense of calm, the Contemplative Landscape Model can help to improve the mental health and well-being of people in these high-stress environments.

Overall, the Contemplative Landscape Model can be useful in many different parts of the world, especially in urban environments and high-stress environments where there is a need to promote positive mental health outcomes and enhance the quality of life of users.

Can the Contemplative Landscape Model be used in developing countries?

Yes, the Contemplative Landscape Model can be used in developing countries. In fact, it may be especially relevant in these countries, where urbanization and rapid development are often accompanied by a loss of natural landscapes and green spaces.

In many developing countries, the lack of access to green spaces and exposure to nature can contribute to poor mental health outcomes. By incorporating elements of nature into urban design, the Contemplative Landscape Model can help to create environments that promote positive mental health outcomes, even in highly urbanized areas.

Furthermore, the Contemplative Landscape Model is designed to be adaptable to different cultural contexts and geographic regions. It is based on a universal understanding of human responses to different types of landscapes, rather than on specific cultural or regional factors. This means that the model can be applied in many different countries and contexts, including developing countries.

Overall, the Contemplative Landscape Model can be a valuable tool in promoting positive mental health outcomes and enhancing the quality of life in developing countries. By incorporating elements of nature into urban design, the model can help to create healthier, more sustainable, and more livable cities in these countries.

Which social and economic groups can benefit the most from contemplative landscapes?

Contemplative landscapes can provide numerous benefits to a wide range of social and economic groups. However, certain groups may benefit more than others.

One group that may benefit greatly from contemplative landscapes is those living in urban areas, especially those who lack access to green spaces and natural environments. This can include low-income communities, as they often have less access to parks and other outdoor recreational spaces. Contemplative landscapes can provide these communities with a way to connect with nature, reduce stress, and improve overall mental health and well-being.

Additionally, contemplative landscapes can be beneficial for individuals who experience high levels of stress, such as healthcare workers, caregivers, and those in high-pressure jobs. These individuals may benefit from access to outdoor spaces that are designed to promote relaxation and contemplation, which can help to reduce stress and improve mental health.

Finally, contemplative landscapes can be beneficial for individuals who are recovering from trauma or experiencing mental health issues. Exposure to nature has been shown to have a positive impact on mental health and well-being, and contemplative landscapes can provide a space for individuals to relax, reflect, and heal.

Overall, while contemplative landscapes can benefit many different social and economic groups, those who may benefit the most include those living in urban areas with limited access to green spaces, individuals experiencing high levels of stress, and those recovering from trauma or experiencing mental health issues.

How costly it is to implement contemplative landscapes in the city or a neighborhood?

The cost of implementing contemplative landscapes into a city or neighborhood can vary depending on a range of factors, such as the size of the area, the existing infrastructure, the desired design elements, and the level of community involvement. However, in general, incorporating contemplative landscapes into urban design does not necessarily have to be an expensive undertaking.

One simple way to create contemplative landscapes is by opening up views to distant natural scenes. Another key-principles of contemplative landscape design is the use of natural materials and low-impact design elements, which can help to keep costs down. For example, incorporating existing vegetation, such as trees and shrubs, can provide numerous benefits without the need for costly landscaping. Additionally, incorporating low-cost design elements, such as benches, walkways, and water features, can help to create a contemplative atmosphere without breaking the bank.

Furthermore, community involvement can be a crucial factor in keeping costs down. By involving community members in the design process and encouraging volunteerism in the construction and maintenance of the space, costs can be significantly reduced. This can also help to build a sense of community ownership and investment in the space, leading to long-term sustainability.

Overall, while there may be some costs associated with implementing contemplative landscapes into a city or neighborhood, the use of natural materials and low-impact design elements, as well as community involvement, can help to keep costs down and make the project more feasible for a wider range of communities.

Zielone miasta a prawo do zdrowia i zdrowia psychicznego | Webinar in Poland

Posted on 1 June 202226 August 2022 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

On June 1, 2022, a meeting with Dr. Agnieszka Guizzo was held on the relationship between green spaces in the city and mental health.
The webinar covered topics such as the impact of the living environment on health and mental health; how the right to mental health can be violated by bad design decisions; ways of conscious design of urban spaces for health.

***

1 czerwca 2022 roku odbyło się spotkanie z dr Agnieszką Guizzo na temat związków między przestrzeniami zielonymi w mieście a zdrowiem psychicznym.
Podczas webinaru poruszono takie tematy, jak wpływ środowiska życia na zdrowie i zdrowie psychiczne; sposób, w jaki prawo do zdrowia psychicznego może być łamane przez złe decyzje projektowe; sposoby świadomego projektowania przestrzeni miejskich dla zdrowia.

1st in-person NeuroLandscape Workshop | Korthi-Greece | 7-9 May 2022

Posted on 14 May 202226 August 2022 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

The first, in-person scientific meeting of NeuroLandscape Team, titled "Natural and Cultural Heritage for Healthier and More Sustainable Urban Realms" took place among beautiful landscapes of the Greek island of Andros, hosted at the local Korthi Town Hall.

The program of a 3-day event included:

SATURDAY (7.05.2022)

Time	Presentation title - Speaker (Affiliation)	Language
11:15 - 11:30	Welcome & Opening with Coffee		GR/ENG
11:30 - 12:00	Contemplative Landscapes for Sustainable Tourism - Dr. Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo (NeuroLandscape)		ENG
12:00 - 12:30	Nature-Based Solutions for More Inclusive and Resilient Communities - Dr. Weronika Gasior (NeuroLandscape)		ENG
12:30 - 13:00	A.I. Tools for Cultural Heritage and Tourism - Dr. Theofrastos Mantadelis (NeuroLandscape)		ENG

SUNDAY (8.05.2022)

10:00 - 10:30	Impact in Post-pandemic Times: Neuroscience to the Rescue - Dr. Nicolas Escoffier (NeuroLandscape)	ENG
10:30 - 11:15	Gender Equality Plan as a necessary tool for Horizon Europe Applications - Dr. Weronika Gasior (NeuroLandscape)	ENG
11:15 - 11:30	Coffee Break
11:30 - 12:00	Korthian Artists 1850-1950 - Mr. Aristeidis Mantadelis (Civil Engineer)	GR/ENG
12:00 - 13:00	Can you see what you’re looking at?: Contemplative Landscape Features Recognition and Assessment - outdoor workshop - Dr. Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo (NeuroLandscape)	ENG

MONDAY (9.05.2022)

10:00 - 10:30	Dimetra - Predicting vulnerable goods disease before transportation - Dr. Theofrastos Mantadelis (NeuroLandscape)	ENG
10:30 - 11:15	Sustainable food systems in the EU legal framework - Ms. Aleksandra Zaborowska (Neurolandscape and EP)	ENG
11:15 - 11:30	Coffee Break
11:30 - 12:00	Climate Change and Water Management - case study of Khulna, Bangladesh - Ms. Nazwa Tahsin (NeuroLandscape)	ENG
12:00 - 12:30	VinhoLandscape - An Introduction to the Wines of Northern Portugal - Mr. Raul J.Guizzo (Symington Family Estates)	ENG
12:30 - 13:00	Wine Tasting - workshop - Mr. Raul J.Guizzo (Symington Family Estates)	ENG

EASCAPE VR – our first Virtual Healthy Environment

Posted on 25 February 202125 February 2021 by Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo

Thanks to Virtual Reality technology, our mission of providing science-based mental health tools through bringing people closer to nature, and specifically Contemplative Landscapes, has taken life in the form of EASCAPE.

It’s our free VR app that enables you to enjoy Contemplative Landscapes from the comfort of your home.

Why EASCAPE?

Because it lets you escape from everyday stress to immerse yourself in the healing power of nature, to ease the mind and enjoy beautiful Contemplative Landscapes carefully curated by scientists, whenever and wherever you decide to – all you need is a pair of VR goggles. After an intensive season of work and scientific testing with our partners, EPIC VR and Brainstorm, we are ready to share this exciting news with you - our app is becoming available very soon!

Best part? It’s completely free!

To make sure you don’t miss the grand release, you can subscribe to our newsletter (https://eascape.org), like and follow our Facebook page (https://lnkd.in/eUdr7VD), and if you’re already a VR user, you can add EASCAPE to your Steam wish list (https://lnkd.in/ejGjAyU).
Ready to ease your mind with a virtual journey?

We are!
#mentalhealth #eascape #eascapevr #virtualreality